5/1/2023 0 Comments Mitutoyo digital caliper![]() ![]() However, all the available drugs are associated with challenges, including but not limited to lack of adherence to treatment, multiple injection regimens, low efficacy, high costs, therapeutic failure, potential emergence of resistance in parasite strains and significant side effects such as arthralgias, myalgias, leukopenia, pancreatitis, liver problems, cardiotoxicity and cardiac arrhythmia in the patients. Traditionally, for several decades the pentavalent antimonial drugs have been used as the first-line treatment and miltefosine, pentamidine and amphotericin B as the second-line treatment for CL. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) lesions induced by Leishmania major and anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) lesions induced by Leishmania tropica are the dominant clinical forms of leishmaniasis in Iran. According to the Islamic Republic of Iran’s Ministry of Health and Medical Education, the annual incidence of CL in Iran is approximately 20,000 cases. The study of leishmaniasis in Iran has an age-long history. Annually, about 50,000 to 90,000 new cases of VL and about 600,000 to 1 million new cases of CL are reported worldwide. Endemic cases of both VL and CL were together reported in more than two-thirds of these countries (71 countries) however, the presence of only VL and only CL was reported in 8 countries and 19 countries, respectively. Leishmaniasis endemicity was reported in about 98 countries in 2020, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The major risk factors associated with the disease among individuals from these regions include immunodeficiencies, poor nutrition, increased urbanization, poor living conditions and lack of resources. The disease primarily affects individuals from underdeveloped and developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Leishmaniasis is a major neglected tropical disease (NTD). The disease exhibits a spectrum of clinical manifestations, ranging from mild asymptomatic forms to pleiomorphic cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms or fatal visceral forms. Human transmission occurs by the bite of infected female sandflies. Leishmaniasis is a group of infectious diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. However, more clinical trial studies are recommended to evaluate the effects of these larval products on human subjects. major parasites both in vivo and in vitro. The results suggest that the larval products of L. Lesion size was significantly ( F (7, 38) = 8.54, P < 0.0001) smaller in the treated mice compared with the untreated control group. sericata decreased the infection rate and the number of amastigotes per infected host cell at all concentrations. Treatment with leishmanicidal agents derived from larvae of L. major but were less toxic to the macrophage cells. sericata exhibited higher cytotoxicity against the promastigotes of L. The IC 50 values for larval saliva and hemolymph were 100.6 and 37.96 ug/ml, respectively. The larval products displayed more potent cytotoxicity against L. ![]() Lesion progression and parasite load were investigated in the models to assess the therapeutic effects of the products. Parasite specimens and macrophage cells were exposed to varying concentrations of larval products for 24–120 h. major infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice models. ![]() Also, the therapeutic effect of larval products on lesions induced by L. The present study aimed at assessing the in vitro effects of larval products of Lucilia sericata against the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania major. It has been claimed that natural compounds derived from fly larvae have anti-leishmania properties against some species of Leishmania. Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) remains a major challenge for the public health and medical community. ![]()
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